The Great Migration was the resettlement of more than 6 million African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North, Midwest, and West from about 1916 to 1970. Displaced from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, many blacks. Sharecropping is when the owner of the land rents it to someone in exchange for part of his harvest. The difference between sharecropping and slavery is freedom. While slaves work without pay, tenants are paid with grain. Tenants can also choose to quit their jobs whenever they want. *On this date in 1865, the partial lease is briefly described. Sharecropping is historically a system of agriculture or agricultural production in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the harvest produced on the land (e.B. 50 percent of the crop). The Office of Freedmen, which was established to help millions of former slaves in the post-war period, had to inform the liberated that they could either sign employment contracts with planters or be expelled from the lands they had occupied. Those who refused or resisted were eventually expelled by army troops. Instead of working in gangs, as they had done on pre-war plantations, the liberated became tenants.

The planter or landowner allocated each family a small plot of land for agriculture and provided food, shelter, clothing and the necessary seeds and farm equipment. At harvest, the planter or landowner put the cotton on the market and, after deduction for the „furniture” (the cost of items that had been delivered to the tenant during the year), gave half of the proceeds to the tenant. This agreement became known as sharecropping. „Another childhood memory I remember is that farmers had maize and wheat crops. And the corn splicing was mostly black. And they were good days because there was always a good dinner. Someone had the task of fixing the dinner so that the men swallowed the corn. And of course, they would run away from all the corn.

The corn was swallowed and placed in the cribs, and then everyone went home. And something like that went from family to family. So you paid back for something like that. And with the beating of the wheat, they were all blacks and whites, because the mill to beat, I guess it was called, went through the community and stopped at each farm, and the men followed it from one farm to another to help the thresher, cut the wheat, and they tied it together and tied it together. So it took a lot of people to do it. No matter what year the thresher came to your house for dinner, you had to feed the men. (Laughs) So, over the years, the thresher has sometimes been to our house for dinner. It was therefore an integrated activity. And it`s funny, like some things, well, the white neighbors were very good people, very good people, very good Christian people. And I didn`t think about it, I just saw that it was their duty to include our farm, because most black people were not owners. They simply felt it was their duty to be part of these beatings.

And when it was in their house, black people ate in their house. I don`t know if they ate at the table or not (laughs) because I wasn`t traveling with them. But it was a good community spirit. The eight years of fusionist rule in North Carolina between 1894 and 1900 are a powerful anecdote of what was possible when blacks and whites united in their common economic and political interests, even without warm personal relationships. The reformers elected on the Fusion ticket made significant social and political progress during this period. They have significantly increased voter turnout by ensuring that election judges represent all political parties at the ballot box. They also demanded certain party colors and badges on the ballot papers so that the illiterate would have a political voice. Economic reforms included limiting interest rates, a huge victory for farmers of both races. Reformers have also invested heavily in public education, which has benefited all the poor in the state. By opening the political process, blacks were elected to local, state, and national positions. This was especially true in the eastern part of the state, where there had always been a higher proportion of black residents.86 Although nearly one-third of Durham County residents worked as tenants in the late 1800s, blacks began to acquire land. Land prices were remarkably cheap during this period.

In addition, Piedmontese land became available when some white landowners moved to more productive land in the south and west – a new ownership option from which blacks were largely excluded. This opportunity was created by the Homestead Act of 1862, which granted 160 acres of native American land stolen from the West to all Americans who requested and worked the land for 5 years. Over the next 60 years, 246 million hectares of western land were donated free of charge to individuals. About 1.5 million families received this crucial economic base, but only about 5,000 of them were black.13 ◉ The rental system freed African Americans from slavery that existed in the past and gave them the freedom to engage in daily activities. ◉ Unlike the slave system, peasants were not forced to work until exhaustion, and there was no close surveillance. During the first year of reconstruction, an unprecedented event took place: the government asked former slaves what they wanted for themselves. In 1865, a meeting was held in Savannah, Georgia, where the issue was discussed by black leaders from across the South. His spokesman was Garrison Frazier, a Baptist minister from Granville County, north of Durham.

Land was their greatest demand: „The best way to take care of ourselves is to have land, transform it and command it through our own work. and we can soon provide for ourselves and have something to save. We want to be placed on land until we can buy it and appropriate it. Although the lease gave African Americans autonomy in their daily work and social life, freeing them from the gang labor system that had dominated during the slavery era, it often resulted in tenants owing the landowner more (for example, for the use of tools and other supplies) than they could repay. For the newly liberated people, many of whom farmed the same land, lived in the same dwelling, and worked under the strict supervision of the same guards, the lease was like „slavery under a different name.” A partial lease on Cameron`s land reveals the injustice inherent in the partial lease agreement. Tenant behaviour was monitored by white superintendents who were paid from crop yields prior to settlement (which affected the tenant`s income). Indefinite „serious misconduct” could force tenants to leave and completely lose their share of the crop. In addition, producers were prohibited from selling grain themselves without notifying the landowner and without having a superintendent present. In the countryside, no large gatherings of blacks were allowed, with the exception of Sunday services.64 We expect an overall poverty rate of 13.7 percent by 2021, meaning that about one in seven Americans could have annual family resources below the poverty line. As a symbol of their regained independence, the freedmen asked teams of mules to drag their former slave huts from the slave quarters into their own fields. Wives and daughters significantly reduced their work in the fields and instead spent more time cleaning and caring for children. But the system of partial leaseholds also contributed to the fact that the economy of the South became almost entirely dependent on a single crop – cotton – and that an increasing number of Southerners, white and black, were reduced to rented agriculture and worked as workers on land they did not own.

While there are similarities, the history of the lease in Oklahoma does not match the southern agricultural lease model. The differences are dictated by the unusual history of the white colony of Oklahoma. In 1880, the U.S. agricultural frontier came to an end. .